Abstract
Syntheses and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists are described. These compounds contain azaindole moieties as A-ring mimetics and display various degrees of in vitro dissociation between gene transrepression and transactivation. Collagen induced arthritis studies in mouse have demonstrated that in vitro dissociated compounds (R)-16 and (R)-37 have steroid-like anti-inflammatory properties with improved metabolic side effect profiles, such as a reduced increase in body fat and serum insulin levels, compared to steroids.
MeSH terms
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Adipose Tissue / drug effects
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemical synthesis*
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
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Aromatase / biosynthesis
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Aromatase / genetics
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Aromatase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Arthritis, Experimental / drug therapy
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Biological Availability
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Cells, Cultured
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Enzyme Induction
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Female
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Humans
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Hydrogen Bonding
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Insulin / blood
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Interleukin-1 / pharmacology
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Interleukin-6 / antagonists & inhibitors
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Interleukin-6 / biosynthesis
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Interleukin-6 / genetics
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Models, Molecular
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Pyridines / adverse effects
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Pyridines / chemical synthesis*
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Pyridines / pharmacology
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Pyrroles / adverse effects
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Pyrroles / chemical synthesis*
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Pyrroles / pharmacology
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Receptors, Glucocorticoid / agonists*
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Stereoisomerism
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Steroids / chemistry*
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Structure-Activity Relationship
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Transcriptional Activation
Substances
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1,1,1-trifluoro-4-(2-methoxy-5-pyrimidin-5-ylphenyl)-4-methyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo(2,3-c)pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pentan-2-ol
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4-fluoro-2-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-3-(1H-pyrrolo(2,3-c)pyridin-2-ylmethyl)butyl)phenol
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
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Aromatase Inhibitors
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Insulin
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Interleukin-1
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Interleukin-6
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Pyridines
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Pyrroles
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Receptors, Glucocorticoid
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Steroids
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Aromatase